A Post Graduate Teacher (PGT) in Biology is a subject matter expert responsible for teaching biology to students in classes 11th and 12th. In India, PGT Biology teachers play a crucial role in shaping the understanding of biological sciences for students preparing for higher education and competitive exams like NEET. They are responsible for delivering comprehensive lessons, conducting practical experiments, and evaluating student performance. A PGT Biology teacher should possess a deep understanding of topics like genetics, ecology, biotechnology, and human physiology. They should also be adept at using modern teaching methodologies to make complex concepts understandable and engaging for students.

• Key Responsibilities:

  • Developing lesson plans and delivering engaging lectures.
  • Conducting practical experiments and demonstrations.
  • Assessing student performance through tests and assignments.
  • Providing guidance and support to students.
  • Maintaining a positive and stimulating learning environment.

• Essential Skills:

  • Strong knowledge of biology concepts.
  • Excellent communication and teaching skills.
  • Ability to explain complex topics in a simple manner.
  • Patience and empathy towards students.
  • Proficiency in using teaching aids and technology.

The role of a PGT Biology teacher extends beyond simply delivering lectures. They are instrumental in fostering a love for biology and preparing students for future academic and professional pursuits. Their responsibilities encompass various aspects of teaching and student development.

• Core Responsibilities:

  • Curriculum Delivery: Delivering the biology curriculum in a comprehensive and engaging manner.
  • Lesson Planning: Creating detailed lesson plans that cater to different learning styles.
  • Practical Sessions: Conducting laboratory sessions to provide hands-on experience.
  • Assessment: Evaluating student understanding through regular tests, assignments, and projects.
  • Mentoring: Providing guidance and support to students, especially those struggling with the subject.
  • Exam Preparation: Preparing students for board exams and competitive entrance exams like NEET.
  • Maintaining Records: Keeping accurate records of student performance and attendance.

• Day-to-Day Activities:

  • Preparing and delivering lectures.
  • Setting up and supervising laboratory experiments.
  • Grading assignments and providing feedback.
  • Conducting remedial classes for struggling students.
  • Participating in school events and activities.
  • Attending professional development workshops to stay updated with the latest teaching methodologies and advancements in biology.

Becoming a PGT Biology teacher in India requires a combination of academic qualifications, teaching skills, and relevant experience. Here's a step-by-step guide:

• Educational Qualifications:

  • Post-Graduation: Obtain a Master's degree in Biology (M.Sc. Biology, M.Sc. Zoology, M.Sc. Botany, or related fields) from a recognized university with a minimum of 50% marks.
  • B.Ed. Degree: A Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.) degree is mandatory. The B.Ed. program equips you with the necessary pedagogical skills and teaching methodologies.
  • CTET/State TET: Clear the Central Teacher Eligibility Test (CTET) or the State Teacher Eligibility Test (TET). This is a qualifying exam for teachers in government schools.

• Steps to Follow:

  1. Complete Post-Graduation: Focus on achieving a strong academic record in your chosen biology specialization.
  2. Enroll in a B.Ed. Program: Choose a B.Ed. program that focuses on secondary education and biology teaching methodologies.
  3. Gain Practical Experience: Participate in teaching internships or volunteer teaching positions to gain practical experience.
  4. Clear CTET/TET: Prepare thoroughly for the CTET or your respective State TET exam.
  5. Apply for PGT Positions: Look for PGT Biology teacher vacancies in government and private schools. Check school websites, newspapers, and online job portals.
  6. Prepare for Interviews: Prepare for interviews by reviewing your subject knowledge, teaching methodologies, and current affairs in education.

• Key Skills to Develop:

  • Subject Matter Expertise
  • Communication Skills
  • Teaching Methodologies
  • Classroom Management
  • Patience and Empathy

The history of biology education in India is intertwined with the evolution of the Indian education system itself. From ancient gurukul systems to the modern, structured curriculum, biology education has undergone significant transformations.

• Ancient and Medieval Period:

  • In ancient India, knowledge of biology was primarily integrated into traditional systems of medicine like Ayurveda and Siddha. Gurukuls imparted knowledge about plants, animals, and the human body, focusing on practical applications.
  • During the medieval period, the focus shifted towards religious and philosophical studies, with less emphasis on scientific disciplines like biology.

• British Colonial Era:

  • The British introduced a formal education system that included science subjects. Biology was initially taught as part of natural history and botany.
  • Universities were established, and biology began to emerge as a distinct discipline with specialized courses and research.

• Post-Independence Era:

  • After independence, the Indian government prioritized the development of science education. Biology was integrated into the school curriculum, and specialized institutions for biological research were established.
  • The establishment of the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) played a crucial role in standardizing the curriculum and textbooks.
  • The introduction of the 10+2 system further strengthened biology education at the higher secondary level.

• Modern Era:

  • The focus has shifted towards incorporating modern teaching methodologies, such as interactive learning, technology-based education, and hands-on experiments.
  • The emphasis is on developing critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and a deeper understanding of biological concepts.
  • The rise of biotechnology and bioinformatics has further fueled the demand for skilled biology teachers who can prepare students for these emerging fields.